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Artificial Intelligence is applicable to all fields of the legal world. In the field of criminal law, Artificial Intelligence is used in criminal investigation, which poses a challenge for consultants and lawyers to the extent that they must respect the fundamental rights of any person.

One of the main risks of Artificial Intelligence applied to Criminal Law is the lack of transparency in its use , which would damage the principle of defense and that is, we have to answer such basic questions as, Are we willing to let an Artificial Intelligence decide on our right to defense?

It is one thing to use Artificial Intelligence for entertainment or other fields, and another to apply it directly to criminal investigations through the use of algorithmic systems that make decisions related to the judiciary and even the police.

As has been observed, Artificial Intelligence is a complex system of algorithms that aim to develop tasks carried out by humans and even simulate them.

It is for this reason that Artificial Intelligence has had an impact in the automotive field, developing autonomous vehicles without the need for the driver to interact with the vehicle for it to transport him as it had been doing.

However, although Artificial Intelligence brings with it advantages, the truth is that it also entails risks, including civil liability of Artificial Intelligence.

This civil liability, now applied to the automobile sector, can also be used in other areas such as the healthcare sector (see: robot that carries out an operation and, by making a mistake, causes the death of a patient).

The current legislation on civil liability is obsolete to the extent that it is not adapted to the new reality, which causes a series of legal loopholes and leaves its resolution at the mercy of future jurisprudence and doctrine.

Autonomous vehicles are characterized by programming previously developed by manufacturers, as well as a lack of human control when driving the vehicle.

The growth of Artificial Intelligence has been palpable for some years now, which means that its developers want to register their inventions in the appropriate Offices.

In particular, as WIPO points out, more than one and a half million scientific inventions related to Artificial Intelligence have been published in recent times, belonging to different sectors such as entertainment, security, agriculture or networks, among others.

For its part, most of the Artificial Intelligence records belong to Japanese and American companies, highlighting, among others IBM or Microsoft . Also, other entities such as Toyota, Bosch or Samsung are leading the patent registration in this field. As for the ownership of these, not only private companies prevail, but also public institutions and universities, with China and Korea standing out, among others.

This is therefore a key market for innovation, which has given rise to various challenges, some of which are related to Intellectual Property (understood from a broad perspective).

Artificial Intelligence is a tool used today, using the data provided thanks to the implementation of other technological techniques such as Big Data, IoT …

This data collection must be carried out in accordance with good practice, being transparent and respecting people's rights, being rigorous and minimising the negative impact.

The Spanish Data Protection Agency developed a document called “ GDPR Compliance with Processing Incorporating Artificial Intelligence. An Introduction ”, which establishes how data should be processed in the event that Artificial Intelligence is incorporated.

Problems related to Artificial Intelligence are something that concerns both professionals and citizens in general. A decade ago, specialists in the field, such as Carlos Fernández Hernández or Pierre Boulat, were starting out in this field, delving into the disputes that could arise and the future of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence is the fastest developing technology, which raises legal questions that are still unresolved. As an example, Who will be responsible if a robot makes a technical error that results in the death of a human being? How will personal data be protected from now on? And what about intellectual property?

The regulations previously analysed, which are expected to come into force in a short period of time, aim to achieve a balance between technological progress and ethics and the protection of human beings.

Without a doubt, the biggest challenge is the ethics of technology, and this is largely due to the fact that, at the moment, there is no single definition of what is meant by Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence is a reality in the daily life of any consultancy or law firm, which is why the European Union plans to regulate it to ensure its correct use.

Through this regulation, the European Union positions itself as a leader and vanguard in Artificial Intelligence, with Spain being, in particular, the country responsible for giving light to the European Regulation on the use of Artificial Intelligence.